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1Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches2Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems3Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteHorology is the study and practice of measuring time and making timekeeping instruments. It includes watches, clocks and other devices—not just wristwatches or watchmaking. The National Association of Watch and Clock Collectors (NAWCC) defines it as “the study of timekeeping and the making of timepieces”; Fondation Haute Horlogerie (FHH) calls it “the science of measuring time.”
What does horology cover?
Horology concerns how time is measured and indicated, the instruments that do it, and the functions and components involved. Its scope extends from watches and clocks to stopwatches, smartwatches, their power supplies and displays, and related time-measuring devices.
ISO 6426-2:2026 is a terminology standard, not a complete historical account of the field. Its abstract says, “This document defines the principal terms used in horology.” The standard’s vocabulary covers mechanical and electric instruments as well as functions and accuracy terminology, reflecting how much broader horology is than any single type of watch.
Is horology just watchmaking?
No. Watchmaking—the making, servicing and repair of watches—is one practical part of horology. The broader field also encompasses clocks and other instruments, along with the study of how they measure and indicate time.
How does ISO distinguish a watch, clock and stopwatch?
ISO 6426-2:2026 uses purpose and intended use to distinguish these instruments:
- Watch: A timekeeping instrument designed to be worn and to function in all positions.
- Clock: A timekeeping instrument not intended to be worn, but used in a certain position.
- Stopwatch: A portable time counter for measuring durations, rather than an instrument for indicating the time of day.
- Smartwatch: A watch able to process information and communicate with peripheral devices.
What is the difference between a chronograph and a chronometer?
A chronograph measures and displays time intervals independently of its time-of-day indication. A chronometer is an official designation for a precision timekeeping instrument regulated for different conditions of use. Under ISO’s definition, an impartial official body approves conformity by inspecting the instrument or movement and granting an individual attestation. The terms describe different things: a chronograph concerns interval measurement; a chronometer concerns an officially attested precision instrument.
What is the current ISO horology standard?
As of October 2026, ISO lists ISO 6426-2:2026 as its third edition, published in February 2026. Prepared by ISO/TC 114/SC 9, Technical definitions, it replaces ISO 6426-2:2002 and the listed 2012 amendment and 2003 corrigendum. Part 2 provides technical and commercial definitions; ISO 6426-1 provides technical and scientific definitions, mainly related to rate.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Where can you learn more?
For terminology and industry reference, the Federation of the Swiss Watch Industry describes its paper Dictionary of Horology as a translation tool revised with contributions from around thirty experts. For education and research, NAWCC identifies horological education, the National Watch & Clock Museum, and its Library & Research Center as learning resources.
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